diabetic Emergencies

There are two different categories of emergencies when it comes to diabetes. Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). Below is a little information and some signs and symptoms of each.

Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)- onset of this condition is usually slower, and may occur when the diabetic consumes a large amount of sugar when they are remotely inactive. It may also be a sign of ketoacidosis.

Hot dry skin
Extreme thirst, or excessive thirst
Frequent need to urinate
Smell of acetone (nail polish remover) on the persons breath
Drowsiness
Unconsciousness, which may lead into diabetic coma if untreated
Blurred vision

Treatment for Hyperglycemia

Do not give the person something sweet to eat or drink as it will raise their blood sugar even more.
Do not give the person an insulin shot. If the person is conscious and able, allow them to give themselves a shot. If they ask, you may give assistance.
call a 911 or bring the person to the ER if blood sugar is abnormally high, or if person is unconscious.
If help is delayed, give the person sugar free liquids.

Hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)- the onset of this imbalance is usually rapid, and commonly happens when the diabetic is physically active and are not doing enough to maintain their sugar levels.

Pale skin
Weak and tired
Confused (may act drunk)
Aggressive or cranky
Hungry
Excessive sweating
Rapid pulse
May go to sleep and become unconscious
Seizure

Treatment for Hypoglycemia

A diabetic should always try to carry something sweet with them, be it a non-diet soda, fruit, or some candy in case they go ‘low’. Administering this sweet drink or food item will help reverse the effects of hypoglycemia and raise the persons’ blood sugar levels. Glucose tabs and gels are available in most drugstores. Only give food or drink if the person is conscious.
If the person loses consciousness or cannot swallow then medical assistance is needed. Call 911 immediately or take the person to the ER.
If the person goes into a seizure call 911 immediately.
There is an injectable medication called glucagon, which is available by prescription. A family member or friend should learn how and where to administer this shot, which raises the blood sugar quickly.